Total Fat
Fat is a concentrated source of energy in the diet. One gram of fat provides over twice as much energy as a gram of carbohydrate or protein. There are two main types of fat: saturated fat and unsaturated fat. Saturated fat tends to be solid at room temperature and is often from animal sources - but there is some saturated fat in vegetable fats as well. Unsaturated fat comes mainly from vegetable and fish oils.

Energy
Energy is measured in calories (kcal) or kilojoules (kJ) and comes from fat, carbohydrate, and protein. The body needs energy to function properly. Everything our body does uses energy. The amount of energy that your body needs depends on many things, like how much activity and exercise you do.

Protein
Protein is essential for structure, growth and repair of the body. Protein provides structure to your body, such as in muscles, bones and skin. It has a vital role in the cardiovascular system, digestion and immune system. All of the enzymes and many of the hormones in your body are proteins too. Good sources of protein in the diet include meat and poultry, fish, eggs and dairy products, as well as legumes and pulses, nuts and seeds.

Carbohydrate
Carbohydrate is made up of starches and sugars which typically provide the majority of the energy your body needs. Starches are broken down to sugars during digestion. Sugars are a primary source of energy and are derived from natural sources. Some sugars are naturally present - like fructose which is found in fruit and lactose which is found in milk and dairy products. Other sugars are added to improve sweetness and texture.

Fibre
Dietary fibre is the part of plant foods which is not absorbed by your body. Fibre helps to keep your digestive system healthy and maintain healthy blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Fibre may also aid satiety which means it helps you feel full after eating.

Sodium
Sodium is a mineral which is needed by your body for fluid balance. Sodium is also needed by your nervous system and for the absorption of some nutrients and water from your gut. Sodium chloride in food is commonly called salt. To calculate the amount of salt, you need to multiply the sodium value by 2.5.